Silver Needle (Baihao Yinzhen)
Delicate, sweet, and ethereal — the purest expression of white tea.
- Category: White tea (Camellia sinensis), minimally processed.
- Origin: China — Fujian Province (Fuding and Zhenghe are the most famous regions).
- Harvest: Early spring (first flush, usually late March to early April), plucked as unopened buds.
- Grade: Supreme Silver Needle; High-grade Silver Needle; Commercial Silver Needle
Tasting Profile
Brewing Guide
- Tea-to-water ratio~4–5 g buds per 200 ml water.
- Water temperature75–80 °C (167–176 °F) to preserve delicacy.
- Steeping timeFirst infusion: 2–3 minutes; subsequent infusions: 3–5 minutes.
- Infusions3–4 infusions; first highlights sweetness, later ones release floral and fruity depth.
Background & Story
Silver Needle, known in Chinese as Baihao Yinzhen (“white hair silver needle”), is the most celebrated and prestigious of all white teas. Originating from Fujian Province, particularly Fuding and Zhenghe, it is crafted exclusively from tender, unopened tea buds harvested in the early days of spring. These buds are covered in fine silvery-white hairs that shimmer in the light, giving the tea its distinctive name and elegant appearance.
The history of Silver Needle can be traced back to the Song dynasty (960–1279), when early forms of white tea were produced for the imperial court. However, it was during the late Qing dynasty in the 19th century that Baihao Yinzhen emerged in its modern form, made solely from the young tea buds. From then on, it became known as the pinnacle of refinement in Chinese tea, appreciated for its purity, rarity, and ethereal flavor.
Unlike other teas that undergo pan-firing, rolling, or roasting, Silver Needle is minimally processed. The freshly plucked buds are carefully withered and then dried, a simple yet delicate method that preserves their natural character. This light handling allows the tea to retain its subtle sweetness, fresh floral aroma, and soft, refreshing liquor. The result is a brew that many describe as serene and uplifting, embodying the gentle essence of spring.
Because of its limited harvest window and labor-intensive handpicking, Silver Needle has always been considered a luxury tea. Only the earliest spring buds are selected, often harvested over a short period of about ten days. Authentic Silver Needle from Fuding or Zhenghe is highly prized, with collectors sometimes aging it to deepen its honeyed and fruity notes.
Today, Silver Needle continues to symbolize elegance and purity in tea culture. Whether enjoyed fresh for its light, floral sweetness or aged for greater depth, it remains the purest and most delicate expression of white tea craftsmanship.
Benefits
- Packed with antioxidants that help fight oxidative stress and support cellular health
- Gentle caffeine content provides calm, sustained energy without jitters
- Rich in polyphenols that may support heart health and circulation
- Traditionally valued for boosting immunity and protecting against colds
- Cooling and hydrating, making it soothing for skin and overall wellness
Serving Suggestions
Pairings
- Light seafood such as steamed scallops, shrimp, or white fish
- Fresh fruit, especially melon, pear, or lychee
- Mild cheeses like brie or fresh mozzarella
- Delicate pastries such as madeleines or sponge cakes
- Subtle Asian sweets like mochi or almond cookies
Teaware
- Glass teapot or glass cup (to showcase the silvery buds unfurling)
- Gaiwan (for controlled brewing and aroma appreciation)
- Fairness pitcher (cha hai) (to evenly distribute delicate liquor)
Nutrition Facts
Serving Size: 1 cup brewed Silver Needle (240 ml)
| Nutrient | Amount per Serving | % Daily Value* |
|---|---|---|
| Calories | 0 | 0% |
| Total Fat | 0 g | 0% |
| Sodium | 0 mg | 0% |
| Total Carbohydrates | 0 g | 0% |
| Protein | 0 g | 0% |
| Vitamin C | 3–6 mg | 5–8% |
| Vitamin A (beta-carotene) | Trace | <1% |
| Calcium | 2–4 mg | <1% |
| Potassium | 15–30 mg | <1% |
| Magnesium | 1–3 mg | <1% |
| Caffeine | 15–20 mg | — |
| L-theanine | 6–10 mg | — |
| Catechins (EGCG) | 20–35 mg | — |
| Polyphenols | 50–80 mg | — |
| Chlorophyll | Present (light-moderate) | — |
**Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
† Functional compounds such as caffeine, L-theanine, catechins, polyphenols, and chlorophyll do not have established %DV but contribute to Silver Needle’s calming and restorative health benefits.